Effects of Industrial Effluent on Soil Characteristics: A Review

There is a gradual decline in soil fertility due to its continue use in farming. This necessitates developing new strategies of management programs to recharge soil with nutrients. From review it has been found that reuse of industrial effluents (wastewater) in agriculture can be a good mode to conserve soil nutrients. It may offer a way to fulfill irrigation water demands also. The major challenge of using industrial effluent in irrigation is to take advantages for farmers and society while minimizing negative environmental and health impacts. Presently, around 6.2 billion liters of untreated effluent is produced every day that leads to pollution of natural water resources. Due to less availability of fresh water, disposal of waste water into water bodies becomes more restricted. The review process was adopted for extraction of information about long and short term effects of effluent irrigation over soil characteristics.